Giải bài 5 trang 25 SGK Toán 7 tập 1 - Chân trời sáng tạo

Đề bài

Tìm x, biết:

a)$\frac{2}{9}:x + \frac{5}{6} = 0,5;$                        

b)$\frac{3}{4} - \left( {x - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = 1\frac{1}{3};$

c)$1\frac{1}{4}:\left( {x - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = 0,75;$                

d)$\left( { - \frac{5}{6}x + \frac{5}{4}} \right):\frac{3}{2} = \frac{4}{3}$.

Lời giải chi tiết

a)

$\begin{array}{l}\frac{2}{9}:x + \frac{5}{6} = 0,5\\\frac{2}{9}:x = \frac{1}{2} - \frac{5}{6}\\\frac{2}{9}:x = \frac{3}{6} - \frac{5}{6}\\\frac{2}{9}:x = \frac{{ - 2}}{6}\\x = \frac{2}{9}:\frac{{ - 2}}{6}\\x = \frac{2}{9}.\frac{{ - 6}}{2}\\x = \frac{{ - 2}}{3}\end{array}$                        

Vậy $x = \frac{{ - 2}}{3}$.

b)

$\begin{array}{l}\frac{3}{4} - \left( {x - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = 1\frac{1}{3}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{3}{4} - 1\frac{1}{3}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{3}{4} - \frac{4}{3}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{9}{{12}} - \frac{{16}}{{12}}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{{ - 7}}{{12}}\\x = \frac{{ - 7}}{{12}} + \frac{2}{3}\\x = \frac{{ - 7}}{{12}} + \frac{8}{{12}}\\x = \frac{1}{12}\end{array}$

Vậy$x = \frac{1}{12}$.

c)

$\begin{array}{l}1\frac{1}{4}:\left( {x - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = 0,75\\\frac{5}{4}:\left( {x - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = \frac{3}{4}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{5}{4}:\frac{3}{4}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{5}{4}.\frac{4}{3}\\x - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{5}{3}\\x = \frac{5}{3} + \frac{2}{3}\\x = \frac{7}{3}\end{array}$               

Vậy $x = \frac{7}{3}$.

d)

$\begin{array}{l}\left( { - \frac{5}{6}x + \frac{5}{4}} \right):\frac{3}{2} = \frac{4}{3}\\ - \frac{5}{6}x + \frac{5}{4} = \frac{4}{3}.\frac{3}{2}\\ - \frac{5}{6}x + \frac{5}{4} = 2\\ - \frac{5}{6}x = 2 - \frac{5}{4}\\ - \frac{5}{6}x = \frac{8}{4} - \frac{5}{4}\\ - \frac{5}{6}x = \frac{3}{4}\\x = \frac{3}{4}:\left( { - \frac{5}{6}} \right)\\x = \frac{3}{4}.\frac{{ - 6}}{5}\\x = \frac{{ - 9}}{{10}}\end{array}$

Vậy $x = \frac{{ - 9}}{{10}}$.