1. Read the model essay and tick the four topics that are mentioned.
1. public transport
2. crime rates
3. air pollution
4. employment and income
5. cultural and social life
6. affordable housing
7. social isolation
8. traffic problems
Since the industrial revolution began in the late 18th century, the number of city dwellers has grown and rural
populations have shrunk. Although this suggests that life in the city may be superior in some ways, there are
definitely pros and cons to metropolitan living.
Perhaps the strongest argument for living in cities is that there are greater employment opportunities than in the country. (1) E_____, salaries tend to be higher, meaning that city dwellers often have mere disposable income. A (2) f_____ benefit of city living is the numerous ways in which this income can be spent to enrich people's lives. For those who manage to achieve a healthy work-life balance, cities can provide a comparatively well-paid job which allows them to enjoy a variety of cultural and social experiences.
One of the most (3) p_____ arguments against urban life is, ironically, the sense of isolation that living together with so many others can cause. Rural communities frequently enjoy a strong sense of togetherness, but urbanites often feel a lack of connection with others. It is impossible to form a relationship with all the people in a big city, so a common solution is to ignore the vast majority of them. This may also be related to another of the (4) m_____ of city life, namely high crime rates.
All things (5) c_____, despite the fact that cities can be lonely and dangerous places to live in, I feel the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. (6) P_____, I enjoy living in the city and wouldn't want to live in the country while I am still young.
1. public transport: phương tiện công cộng
2. crime rates: tỉ lệ tội phạm
3. air pollution: ô nhiễm không khí
4. employment and income: việc làm và thu nhập
5. cultural and social life: đời sống văn hóa xã hội
6. affordable housing: nhà ở có giá cả hợp lí
7. social isolation: cô lập xã hội
8. traffic problems: các vấn đề giao thông
4. employment and income (việc làm và thu nhập)
Thông tin: Perhaps the strongest argument for living in cities is that there are greater employment opportunities than in the country. (1) E_____, salaries tend to be higher, meaning that city dwellers often have mere disposable income.
(Có lẽ lập luận mạnh mẽ nhất cho việc sống ở thành phố là có nhiều cơ hội việc làm hơn ở nông thôn. (1) E_____, mức lương có xu hướng cao hơn, nghĩa là cư dân thành phố thường chỉ có thu nhập khả dụng.)
7. social isolation (cô lập xã hội)
One of the most (3) p_____ arguments against urban life is, ironically, the sense of isolation that living together with so many others can cause.
(Một trong những (3) p_____ lập luận phản đối cuộc sống đô thị nhiều nhất, trớ trêu thay, lại là cảm giác cô lập mà việc sống chung với quá nhiều người khác có thể gây ra.)
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