4. Fill in each gap in the summary of the conversation with ONE word from 1.
(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống trong phần tóm tắt của cuộc hội thoại với MỘT từ ở bài 1.)
Phong and his father are discussing what to buy for his studies. Phong has wanted a laptop or a smartphone (1) _____a long time because they are both very useful. Laptops (2) _______completely changed our lives since their invention but smartphones have also (3) _______the way we work and study. For example, it's fun (4) _________study with educational apps on smartphones. They allow students (5) __________ (6) __________and communicate at the same time. It's really difficult for Phong to choose between the two.
| 1. for | 2. have | 3. improved |
| 4. to | 5. to | 6. learn |
Phong and his father are discussing what to buy for his studies. Phong has wanted a laptop or a smartphone (1) for a long time because they are both very useful. Laptops (2) have completely changed our lives since their invention but smartphones have also (3) improved the way we work and study. For example, it's fun (4) to study with educational apps on smartphones. They allow students (5) to (6) learn and communicate at the same time. It's really difficult for Phong to choose between the two.
Tạm dịch:
Phong và bố đang bàn bạc mua gì cho việc học. Phong đã muốn có một chiếc máy tính xách tay hoặc một chiếc điện thoại thông minh từ lâu vì chúng đều rất hữu ích. Máy tính xách tay đã thay đổi hoàn toàn cuộc sống của chúng ta kể từ khi chúng được phát minh ra nhưng điện thoại thông minh cũng đã cải thiện cách chúng ta làm việc và học tập. Ví dụ: Thật thú vị khi học với các ứng dụng giáo dục trên điện thoại thông minh. Chúng cho phép học sinh học và giao tiếp cùng một lúc. Thực sự rất khó để Phong phải lựa chọn giữa hai người.
Các bài tập cùng chuyên đề
Inventions for education
(Các phát minh cho giáo dục)
1. Listen and read.
(Nghe và đọc.)
Phong: Dad, I've saved some money since Tet holiday. I think I'll buy something new for my studies.
Dad: Good idea, Phong. What do you want to buy?
Phong: I'm not sure. It's hard to choose between a smartphone and a laptop. They're both useful and I've wanted either of them for a long time. What do you think, Dad?
Dad: Perhaps a laptop is a better choice. Since laptops were invented, they've allowed us to study better and work faster. They've completely changed our lives in the last 20 years.
Phong: That's true, Dad. But smartphones have also improved the way we work and study.
Dad: Really? I didn't know smartphones were suitable for learning.
Phong: Well, it's actually a lot of fun to learn with educational apps. It's also very convenient for learners to use them. Some of my classmates love using them on their smartphones. The apps allow them to communicate and learn at the same time.
Dad: I didn't know that! There have been so many valuable inventions. Hmm... Perhaps you should ask your teacher. She may be able to help you decide.
2. Read the conversation again and answer the questions.
(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
1. What inventions are Phong and his dad talking about?
(Phong và bố anh ấy đang nói về những phát minh nào?)
2. How useful are laptops?
(Máy tính xách tay hữu ích như thế nào?)
3. Why is it fun and convenient to learn with educational apps on smartphones?
(Tại sao học bằng ứng dụng giáo dục trên điện thoại thông minh lại thú vị và tiện lợi?)
3. Find three nouns and three adjectives in the conversation in 1 to talk about inventions. Follow the example.
(Tìm ba danh từ và ba tính từ trong đoạn hội thoại 1 để nói về phát minh. Làm theo ví dụ.)
1. useful (adj): có ích
2. _________
3. _________
4. _________
5. _________
6. _________
2. Read the text below and choose the best title for it.
(Đọc văn bản dưới đây và chọn tiêu đề tốt nhất cho nó.)
A. AI development over time
(Sự phát triển của trí tuệ nhân tạo theo thời gian)
B. Robots: The best AI inventions
(Người máy: Những phát minh trí tuệ nhân tạo tốt nhất)
C. AI in use today
(Sử dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo ngày nay)
D. AI in education
(Trí tuệ nhân tạo trong giáo dục)
In 2000, Asimo, a robot created by Honda, amazed everyone by just walking down the stairs. Twenty years later, a robot named Sophia can even communicate with people by using human language and expressing emotions.
However, robots are just one example of Artificial Intelligence (AI) – the study and development of machines that can copy human intelligence. Nowadays, Al has been applied to various areas of life.
At home, devices such as vacuum cleaners can now use AI to measure the room size and recognise any furniture. They can then decide on the most effective way to clean the house.
In transport, AI can be used on many smartphones to collect information about traffic. This can then help drivers find the most suitable route. Travelling has become much more convenient thanks to AI.
At work, the uses of AI are even more useful and exciting. Computer programmes, such as AI software or chatbots, can help customers plan their holidays, book flights and hotels, and answer questions.
AI is one of the most important inventions of the 21st century. It has completely changed our daily work and life.
3. Read the text again and match the pictures with the uses of AI.
(Đọc lại văn bản và ghép các hình ảnh với ứng dụng của AI.)
4. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
(Quyết định xem câu sau là đúng (T) hay sai (F).)
|
|
T |
F |
|
1. Sophia can show emotions when talking to humans. |
|
|
|
2. AI helps to make machines that think and act like humans. |
|
|
|
3. AI is one of the most important inventions of the 20th century. |
|
|
Computer hardware
(Ổ cứng máy vi tính)
1. Read the text below. Match the highlighted words and phrase with their meanings.
(Đọc văn bản dưới đây. Nối các từ và cụm từ được đánh dấu với nghĩa của chúng.)
COMPUTER HARDWARE
A computer needs both hardware and software to run, but decisions about the hardware must be made before you buy a computer. Understanding some basic information about the hardware is very important and will help you decide on the most suitable computer for you.
• Processors: The processor controls all of the activities of a computer. Processor speed is often shown in gigahertz (GHz). High processor speed means that your computer can run faster.
• Random Access Memory, or RAM: It is displayed in gigabytes (GB). The RAM shows how powerful your computer is. The more RAM in a computer, the more tasks your computer can do at the same time.
• Storage space: It shows how much information (such as documents, music, photos, etc.) a computer can store. It is also displayed in gigabytes (GB). There is other information about the hardware, such as the screen size, the battery, and the weight, that you need to know before choosing the best computer for you.
|
1. processor |
a. shown |
|
2. RAM |
b. to keep something and use it later |
|
3. displayed |
c. the part of the computer that controls all other parts |
|
4. storage space |
d. a type of computer memory |
|
5. store |
e. the amount of information a computer can keep |
2. Look at the advertisements. Decide which one is most suitable for each person below.
(Nhìn vào các quảng cáo. Hãy quyết định cái nào phù hợp nhất cho từng người dưới đây.)
|
|
ComOffice |
ComBusiness |
ComPro |
|
Price (Giá tiền) |
VND 8,000,000 |
VND 12,000,000 |
VND 15,000,000 |
|
Processor (Bộ xử lý) |
1.4 GHz |
1.8 GHz |
2.6 GHz |
|
RAM |
16 GB |
16 GB |
64 GB |
|
Storage (Dung lượng) |
1,000 GB |
2,000 GB |
6,000 GB |
|
Weight (Trọng lượng) |
1.5 kg |
2 kg |
3 kg |
Anne: I'm a designer, so I often have to run many large programmes at the same time. I also want to keep a lot of photos and videos on my laptop.
(Tôi là một nhà thiết kế, vì vậy tôi thường phải sử dụng nhiều chương trình lớn cùng một lúc. Tôi cũng muốn giữ nhiều ảnh và video trên máy tính xách tay của mình.)
Bob: I'm a student, so I prefer something not too expensive. I have to bring my laptop to school, so it should not be too heavy, either.
(Tôi là sinh viên, vì vậy tôi thích thứ gì đó không quá đắt. Tôi phải mang theo máy tính xách tay của mình đến trường, vì vậy nó cũng không nên quá nặng.)
a. Read the article. How many countries did the scientists come from?
(Đọc bài báo sau. Các nhà khoa học đến từ bao nhiêu quốc gia?)
Science Special's Top 100 inventions
What do you think is the greatest invention ever? We're continuing our countdown of the 100 greatest inventions of all time. This week we reveal inventions 25 to 22.
25 Before the microscope was invented, people could not see very small things. The microscope, which was invented around 1590, was first made by a Dutch scientist called Zacharias Janssen. Objects looked three to nine times bigger under this microscope.
24 Daniel Fahrenheit, who was a Dutch scientist, invented the mercury thermometer in 1714. He also developed the Fahrenheit scale to use on his thermometer. That temperature scale, which is still used in some countries today, is named after him.
23 The light bulb, which was invented in 1879, was first made by Thomas Edison and his team. They tried more than 3,000 designs before introducing their electric light to the world. Edison, who also created many other inventions, is remembered as America's greatest inventor.
22 Robert Goddard, who was an American physicist, invented the liquid-fueled rocket in 1926, marked the beginning of the space age. Its first flight, which happened on March 16th, 1926,
Which of these inventions do you think is the most important?
Email us at sciencesm@science.edu and let us know. Make sure you continue to read the Science Special's Top 100 inventions next week when we countdown inventions 21 to 16.
b. Now, read and answer the questions.
(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
1. When was the microscope invented?
(Kính hiển vi được phát minh khi nào?)
2. What did Daniel Fahrenheit create for his thermometer?
(Daniel Fahrenheit đã tạo ra cái gì cho nhiệt kế của mình?)
3. Who do people think is America's best inventor?
(Mọi người nghĩ ai là nhà phát minh xuất sắc nhất nước Mỹ?)
4. What did Robert Goddard study?
(Robert Goddard đã học gì?)
a. Read Tâm's essay and choose the main idea.
(Đọc bài văn của Tâm và chọn ý chính.)
1. The negative impacts of the internet
2. How the internet has changed our lives
Many intentions have been created throughout history. Many of them have changed our lives. In my opinion, the most important is the internet.
I think the internet is important because it has changed our lives in many ways. For example, the way we communicate has changed significantly. We can communicate with each other instantly using the internet. Many people even spend more time connecting with other people on the internet than in real life. If you go to a busy café today, you will probably see most people are communicating with their phones and laptops instead of talking to the person next to them.
The internet has also allowed us to work together in a way that was impossible before, such as working from home and working with people from other countries. This is okay. Both ways of working are becoming more popular. By connecting their computer to the internet, people can access the same resources wherever they are in the world. Today, people from all over the globe can work together closely without ever meeting face-to-face.
Although the internet is quite a new invention, it now plays an important role in our lives. Without it, things would be very different.
b. Now, read and answer the questions.
(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
1. What do people do differently because of the internet?
(Mọi người làm khác đi điều gì nhờ Internet?)
2. What is common to see at a café these days?
(Những gì thường thấy ở một quán cà phê ngày nay?)
3. What is becoming more common because of the internet?
(Điều gì đang trở nên phổ biến hơn nhờ Internet?)
4. What would happen if we didn't have the internet?
(Điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu chúng ta không có Internet?)
1. Look at the robot in the picture and read the title. What can it do? Listen and read to check.
(Nhìn con rô-bốt trong tranh và đọc tiêu đề bài. Robot có thể làm gì? Nghe và đọc để kiểm tra.)
Pepper – the emotional robot
Imagine a robot which can tell how you feel just by listening to the sound of your voice and looking at your body language. Meet Pepper, the ‘social robot’, which can understand human emotions!
Pepper was created by a French company called Aldebaran in 2014. It went on sale in Japan in 2015 and in the USA the following year.
Pepper is a humanoid robot. This means that it looks a bit like a person. It is 1.2 m tall with a head and two arms, and two wheels to move around. Its head has got four microphones and two HD cameras which allow it to navigate and connect with people. Pepper can understand 20 languages and it knows if it’s talking to a man, woman or child. It can also understand how a person is feeling by the tone of their voice and their body language. And if you’re feeling sad, it tries to make you happy! It can tell you a joke, sing a song and even dance to cheer you up!
Some hospitals use Pepper to greet new patients and walk with them to the correct department. Also, it can cheer up sick children and help them do their physical exercises!
The inventors of Pepper are always creating new software to improve the robot. They also say that Pepper itself has the ability to learn over time! So, who knows what Pepper will think of next to put a smile on our faces!
2. Read the text. For questions (1–3), choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
(Đọc văn bản. Đối với câu hỏi (1–3), chọn câu trả lời đúng (A, B, C hoặc D).)
1. Pepper robot was invented in ______ .
A 2000
B 2015
C 2014
D 2016
2. Pepper can see using cameras on its ______ .
A head
B wheels
C arms
D hands
3. Pepper’s creators say that it ______ .
A can learn on its own
B can’t accept new software
C doesn’t live for a long time
D will be replaced by a new robot
3. Read the text again and answer the questions.
(Đọc lại văn bản và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
1. Who created Pepper?
(Ai đã tạo ra Pepper?)
2. What is a “humanoid” robot?
(Robot "hình người" là gì?)
3. How can Pepper move around?
(Pepper có thể di chuyển xung quanh bằng cách nào?)
4. How can Pepper understand how someone is feeling?
(Pepper có thể hiểu được cảm giác của một người nào đó bằng cách nào?)
5. In what ways does Pepper help patients in hospitals?
(Pepper giúp đỡ bệnh nhân trong bệnh viện bằng những cách nào?)
1. a) Read the paragraph. What is it about?
(Đọc đoạn văn. Nó nói về cái gì?)
The Invention of the 20th Century – by James Smith
I believe that the Internet has had the biggest impact on all inventions of the 20th century. First of all, the Internet reshaped the world. It allows us to find everything we want in seconds and learn about it in detail. There are millions of educational videos and online courses to help us learn about various things. Furthermore, the Internet allows us to do so much, such as communicating instantly with anyone in the world, finding out news at any time and shopping online 24 hours a day. We can also be entertained by the Internet because it allows us to watch films and videos at the click of a button. To sum up, the Internet has had an impact on almost every part of our lives and it is the greatest invention in recent human history!
b) Answer the questions. Which sentence(s) …
(Trả lời các câu hỏi. Câu nào…)
1 state(s) the topic and writer’s opinion?
(nêu chủ đề và ý kiến của người viết)
2 contain(s) the writer’s first justification/example?
(chứa lời chứng minh/ ví dụ đầu tiên của người viết)
3 contain(s) the writer’s second justification/example?
(chứa lời chứng minh/ ví dụ thứ hai của người viết)
4 restate(s) the topic and writer’s opinion?
(trình bày lại chủ đề và ý kiến của người viết)
1. Read the title and look at the picture. What do you think the text is about? Listen and read to find out.
(Đọc tiêu đề và nhìn vào bức hình. Bạn nghĩ văn bản về cái gì? Nghe và đọc để nhận ra.)
2. Read the text again and complete the sentences.
1. MOET took immediate action to _________________________________________________ .
2. Teachers throughout the country got ______________________________________________ and developed ______________________________________________ .
3. Students could use ______________________________________________ for their e-learning.
4. Students without Internet access could learn via ______________________________________________ .
5. The school year ended ______________________________________________ .
1. What does DNA stand for? Listen and read to find out.
(DNA viết tắt cho chữ gì? Nghe và đọc để tìm hiểu.)
DNA – The Blueprint of Life
DNA is one of the most important things in all living creatures. But what is it exactly? And why is it so important?
DNA, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms.
Our DNA contains all the genetic details that make us what we are. Instructions for how our cells grow and work are all inside our DNA. So DNA is a kind of instruction book for how we look.
We have forty-six chromosomes in our bodies, twenty-three from each of our parents, which join together to make pairs. The discovery of chromosomes has been one of the biggest and most important scientific discoveries in human history.
Scientists study DNA for lots of reasons. It can help them understand and treat diseases, genetically modify or improve food, identify people from hair or blood samples, and even create new life through technology like cloning (an identical copy of a plant or animal).
By understanding our DNA and the information inside it, we can understand a lot about ourselves and our health. For example, we can see if we might get certain health problems or illnesses, and we can change our lifestyles to avoid them.
The secrets inside DNA are the key to all life. The more we learn about them, the more we learn about ourselves and the world around us!
2. Read the article and decide if each of the statements (1–5) is T (true) or F (false).
(Đọc đề bài và quyết định xem mỗi khẳng định (1–5) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)
1. DNA gives information on how our cells look. _____
2. We have 26 chromosomes from each parent. _____
3. Scientists can use DNA to make sick people well. _____
4. They can use DNA to create human clones. _____
5. DNA treats certain illnesses. ____
3. Read the article again and answer the questions.
(Đọc lại bài và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
1. What is DNA? (DNA là gì?)
2. Why do scientists study DNA? (Tại sao các nhà khoa học lại nghiên cứu DNA?)
3. How does our DNA information help us? (Thông tin DNA giúp ích gì cho chúng ta?)
6. Read the text and decide if each of the statements (1–5) is T (true) or F (false).
(Đọc văn bản và quyết định xem mỗi khẳng định (1-5) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)
1. Hawking studied physics. ____
2. His findings appeared in newspapers. ____
3. He was Lucasian Professor of Physics. ____
4. Hawking was born disabled. ____
5. He achieved his goals despite his illness. ____
1 Read about E Ink. Who was Joe Jacobson and why did he have a 'Eureka' moment?
(Đọc về E Ink. Joe Jacobson là ai và tại sao anh ấy lại có khoảnh khắc 'Eureka'?)
In 1997, Joe Jacobson was working as a researcher for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). One summer, he went on holiday to the coast. He was lying on a beach when he finished his book. Unfortunately, he didn't have another one with him. At that moment, he imagined an electronic book that he could download any time he wanted and read in direct sunlight. It was a 'Eureka' moment. His vision became E Ink technology and helped develop the e-readers that we have today.
3 Read the text. Match the headings with the paragraphs. There is one extra heading.
(Đọc văn bản. Nối các tiêu đề với các đoạn văn. Có một tiêu đề phụ.)
1 Family background
(nền tảng gia đình)
2 The role of light bulb
(Vai trò của bóng đèn)
3 The best version of all
(Phiên bản tốt nhất của tất cả)
4 Scientific tests
(Bài kiểm tra khoa học)
5 On the market
(Trên thị trường)
"I have not failed, I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work".
Thomas Alva Edison
THE LIGHT BULB
A. The electric light, one of the everyday inventions that have great influences on our lives, was not "invented" in the traditional sense. Thomas Alva Edison was neither the first nor the only person trying to invent a light bulb. Twenty three different light bulbs were developed before Edison's. However, Edison is often known as the inventor because his version was better than the earlier versions.
B. Edison was born on 11 February 1847, in Milan, Ohio. He was the youngest of seven children of Samuel and Nancy Edison. His father was a political activist from Canada, while his mother was an accomplished schoolteacher and a major influence in Edison's early life.
C. In 1878, Thomas Edison began serious research into developing a practical lamp. Edison and his lab associates conducted thousands of experiments to develop the electric light bulb. The greatest challenge was to find a material that could serve as a long-lasting filament. By 4 November 1879, he filed a patent for an electric lamp using a carbon filament.
D. This discovery marked the beginning of commercial light bulbs. In 1880, Thomas Edison's company, Edison Electric Light Company, began marketing its new product. Almost every household now owns one light bulb. The invention has put an end to humans' experience of darkness.
4. Read the text again. For questions 1-5, decide if the following statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).
1 Thomas Edison was the first person to invent the light bulb.
2 Edison's light bulb was more advanced than other light bulbs.
3 Edison's father was the most influential person in his life.
4 Edison received his first patent for the light bulb in 1879.
5 Edison's light bulb became a popular product in 1879.
4 402.10 USE OF ENGLISH Read the text. Choose the correct answer. Then listen and check.
(SỬ DỤNG TIẾNG ANH Đọc văn bản. Chọn câu trả lời đúng. Sau đó lắng nghe và kiểm tra.)
KATHERINE JOHNSON
1"When Katherine Johnson was a child, she was a Maths genius. 2_____she was only 14, she went to university to study Maths. 3_____ she was studying at university, her Maths professor told her she should become a mathematician. 4_______she graduated from university, she became a teacher, 5________ the 1940s she got married and had children. She didn't become a research mathematician 6________ she was 35. She got a job as a 'computer' with NASA. Katherine was different from other 'computers'-7_______ she I was at NASA, she asked a lot of questions. 8________ Katherine Johnson started work at NASA, only men went to important meetings. She changed that!
1 A When B Before C During
2 A While B When C Until
3 A During B While C After
4 A Before B While C As soon as
5 A Till B During C While
6 A until B by C during
7 A during B while C after
8 A Before B During C As soon as
2. Read the paragraph and tick (✔) the advantages of the robotic vacuum mentioned.
(Đọc đoạn văn và đánh dấu (✔) những ưu điểm của robot hút bụi được đề cập.)
Cleaning the floor is always a laborious and boring task, but with the help of a robotic vacuum, things will be much more convenient. First, robotic vacuums provide humans with a much cleaner environment. Any dust, spots. and dirty marks in the house which may harm owners' health can be cleaned completely. Second, using the mobile application as a remote-control device, house owners can control the robot when they are away from home. Another advantage is that robotic vacuum cleaners are easy to store and easy to carry. A robotic vacuum is usually much smaller than a vacuum cleaner, so it can be easily stored in a closet, under a bed, or anywhere. Last but not least, robotic vacuum cleaners are cost efficient. They are much cheaper than expensive housekeepers. The machine can be set to clean exactly as we wish, while requiring little maintenance. The only job is to replace the bag or empty the container from time to time.
a. Good for health
b. Quiet
c. Economical
d. Energy-saving
e. Easy to store
f. Controllable from a distance
4. Match the sentences in the paragraph with their functions.
(Ghép các câu trong đoạn văn với chức năng của chúng.)
1. Cleaning the floor is always a laborious and boring task, but with the help of a robotic vacuum, things will be much more convenient.
(Lau sàn luôn là một công việc tốn nhiều công sức và nhàm chán, nhưng với sự hỗ trợ của robot hút bụi, mọi việc sẽ thuận tiện hơn rất nhiều.)
2. First, robotic vacuums provide humans with a much cleaner environment.
(Đầu tiên, robot hút bụi cung cấp cho con người một môi trường sạch hơn nhiều.)
3. Any dust, spots, and dirty marks in the house which may harm owners' health can be cleaned completely.
(Bất kỳ bụi, vết và vết bẩn nào trong nhà có thể gây hại cho sức khỏe của gia chủ đều có thể được làm sạch hoàn toàn.)
a. explanation
b. main point
c. topic sentence
2. Read and listen to a presentation from Mai, a tenth-grader, about the advantages of a smartphone. Tick (✔) the benefits of a smartphone she mentions.
(Đọc và nghe phần trình bày của Mai, học sinh lớp 10, về những ưu điểm của điện thoại thông minh. Đánh dấu (✔) lợi ích của điện thoại thông minh mà cô ấy đề cập.)
Over the last few decades, our world has been lucky enough to see many important inventions, which have brought many positive changes to our lives. However, I would like to talk about one of those inventions today, the smartphone. To start with, I'll tell you about how it benefits our lives. The best thing about smartphones is that they are lightweight and easy to carry. We cannot take old land phones with us. And most importantly, today, a smartphone is not just a mobile phone; it has become a tool that helps us do a variety of tasks. We can use them to make both audio and video calls, send messages, read emails, edit photos, and work on various types of documents. Additionally, they can be very helpful in times of need. Imagine travelling on an unknown road and your motorbike breaks down, you can use your smartphone to call a mechanic or a family member. It's also ideal if you are sick or injured and need a doctor. As you can see, there are many benefits of smartphones. Now, let me move on to some disadvantages of this invention.
1. Help in emergency situations
2. Ensure people's safety
3. Connect with relatives
4. Promote business
5. Complete a variety of tasks
6. Be portable
